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Fight for democracy
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Udtalelser fra ikke-Thaïs spænder fra vantro til foragt og afsky på, hvad der foregår med Thai demokrati. Her er hjælp til vores udenlandske kritikere at forstå, hvordan vi kom ind i dette rod.



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Ved Voranai Vanijaka



I den seneste tid, "demokrati" er et ord, der er blevet kastet rundt oftere end en bordtennis bold i Patpong - og lider omtrent det samme niveau af nedbrydning.


Fra ord i pubber til bogstaverne i post, til rapporter fra udenlandske korrespondenter og kommentarer af den kære redaktører af forskellige prestigefyldte vestlige medier, alle har en mening om, hvad demokrati er, og at det enten ikke eksisterer i Thailand, eller har været voldsramte og misbrugt til noget helt udemokratisk.


Fra observationer af mange ikke-Thaïs, udtalelser har varieret overalt fra vantro til foragt og direkte afsky på, hvad der sker med demokratiet i dette Kongerige. Med hårde ord og brutale overfald, smækkende og fornærmende Kongeriget, og med det, mine landsmænd.


Well, tillad mig at sige vores udenlandske kritikere og hjælpe form en forståelse af, hvordan vi kom ind i dette rod. Selv med alle midler, denne observation er en mands ydmyge mening tilbydes op, der skal overvejes, diskuteret og debatteret, intet mindre, intet mere.


I Vesten, demokratiet er en tradition for over 2000 år gamle, selv om det havde taget en lur i århundreder, før den blev genopdaget. Man kan spore oprindelsen af det moderne demokrati til Den Franske Revolution (1782), den amerikanske revolution (1776), eller endog undertegnelsen af Magna Carta (1215). Men uanset hvilke omstændigheder en vil gerne attribut moderne demokrati til, er det unarguable at vestlige demokrati har været flere århundreder i sin vorden og er skrevet af talrige konflikter og mange blodsudgydelser.


Så hvis Vesten er gået gennem århundreders fejltagelser, af prøver og prøvelser, at nå frem til en sund, om end ufuldkomment system af moderne demokrati, hvorfor kan ikke Thailand tage det færdige produkt, pakket med en smuk farvebånd? Tja, det er ikke, at vi ikke vil.



For at forstå hvor vi er nu, man skal se på den historiske udvikling i Thailand siden omlægning til konstitutionelt monarki i 1932.



Fra vores første premierminister, Praya Manopakorn Nititada, at vores seneste, Somchai Wongsawat, i 76 år siden, har der været 36 statsministre, hvoraf de fleste var "kandidater", som militæret eller på anden måde.



Der var mange årsager bag disse "kandidater", militære eller på anden måde, ikke mindst som var påvirket af supermagter og deres Kolde Krig skak match. Ligesom flertallet af den tredje verden, vi var, men en brik serveret på et fad med en side kendelse af frihed Fries af vores ledere, der skal udnyttes i demokratiets navn mod den stigende tidevand af kommunismen. Pyt med at det faktum, at vi selv blev styret af militære diktatorer for meget af det pågældende tidspunkt.



Det var først i 1988, hvor vi vedvarende en række "valgt" ledere, der begynder med regeringen i Den Almindelige Chartchai Chunhawan.



Kun i 20 år havde valgprocessen været i stand til at opretholde vejrtrækning værelse i dette Kongerige, minus hikke i Black maj 1992 og 2006-kuppet. Er det thailandske demokrati unge og skrøbelige? Det er en vammel, gråd buksetrold i en inkubator. Så hvorfor, spørger jeg dig, ville man kigger på et spædbarn i en inkubator med foragt og afsky?



Gennem en stor del af vores historie i det 20. århundrede, det overvældende flertal af den thailandske befolkning var bønderne, som er rygraden i kongeriget, der ikke ville vide et demokrati fra en tamagochi. Hvordan kunne de? Med ingen eller kun begrænsede uddannelse, deres primære bekymringer var simpelthen fodring og beklædning deres børn? Demokratiske idealer er den luksus at de "elementer", de "har informationsfattige" hold alvorligere problemer. Er det så utroligt? Så disdainful? Så ulækkert?



Det var kun det økonomiske opsving i slutningen af 1980'erne og 1990'erne, at fremskridt inden for kommunikations-teknologi og globalisering, at så de hurtigt voksende middelklasse. Western undervisning eller uddannelse periode, var ikke længere det privilegium for eliten.



Hvorom alting er, ikke ulig den periode af industrielle revolution i Vesten, blev folk meget mere betaget med newfound rigdomme end de idealer om demokrati. Menneskelige natur: en bunke penge på bordet versus nogle ophøjede ideal, som ville den gennemsnitlige Somchai og Somying en generation fjernet fra ris område (eller landsbyer i det kommunistiske Kina) vælge? Er det så disdainful, så ækel, så utroligt?



Barnet kan bære Gucci og rugemaskinen, kan den nyeste Mercedes model, men faktum er, i 1990'erne Thailands demokrati stadig var bare et spædbarn i rugemaskine. Som sådan, vi var let udnyttet af korrupte ledere, sparsommeligt handlende (lokale og udenlandske), og naturligvis vores egen grådighed. Det er disdainful og modbydelig, men som landet aldrig har været igennem en sådan periode? Ligesom puberteten, er det ikke kønne, men det er en naturlig proces for evolution.



Med den finansielle krise i Asien i 1997, vi vågnede op og indså, at vi simpelthen udveksles "kandidater", militære eller på anden måde, for opportunistiske banditter og gangstere, der kendte til at køre et land, og økonomien så meget, som vi Thaïs vide, hvordan stå i kø i velordnet måde til bord / deboard den Sky Train. De blot listes ind i kontoret, mens den uddannede middelklasse var alt for travlt med at have en boble bad.



Så det skete. Skyer parteret, Beethovens Symfoni nr. 3 gentaget ud af ingenting, fuglene og bierne chanted, "Hallelujah, Hallelujah, Hallelujah"! For Messias var kommet! Han var ikke en generel, og heller ikke en gangster. Han var en forretningsmand, der byggede en telekommunikations imperium med hans egne hænder.



For et samfund, at mennesker, som havde taget kapitalisme for kun lidt over et årti, vi var googoo og gaagaa over ham, ligesom han var nogle K-pop hjerteknuser. For første gang i historien for Thailand, de rige, de fattige og dem i mellem enige om én ting: Thaksin Shinawatra var vores mand.



Chuan Leekpai var solid, men han var en almindelig husmor. Denne nye fyr blev Paris Hilton på steroider. Er det så utroligt, så disdainful, så ulækkert? Spædbarn i en inkubator, vi gik tabt lam, forvirret og desperat, så kom vores hyrde, vor Frelser, alle glittery i gyldent lys.



Og godt, du kender resten af historien.



Her befinder vi os i 2008. Narret og snydt, vansiret og fuld af foragt. Konflikt på alle niveauer i samfundet. Strømmer til banneret af PAD er simpelthen mennesker, der har fået nok. Sikker på, lederne af PAD er tvivlsom. Sikker på, mange af PAD's taktik er usmagelig. Men tillad mig at tale for den gennemsnitlige thailandske person - rige, midt og fattige - vi marcherede simpelthen fordi vi har fået nok.



Svarende til Black maj 1992. Så vi marcherede fordi vi ønskede ikke mere militærdiktatur, men nu er vi marts, fordi vi ønsker ikke mere grådige penge handlende og deres thuggish kammerater.



Er det undergraver demokratiet? Der er ikke noget demokrati at underminere. Vi har aldrig haft det. Demokrati handler ikke kun om at gå til afstemning og stemme. Demokrati handler ikke om smiler som du får skruet over igen. Det kan være bøde for lande med sunde, men ufuldkomne demokrati. Men her, i dette hjørne af den tredje verden, vi er trætte af at tage det ligger ned og er blot at sige nok er nok.



De ikke uddele demokrati på lokalt mor og pop butik, og det er ikke til salg på Central eller Paragon. Man må kæmpe for det.



Det er en grim kamp. Men er der sådan en ting som en nydelig kamp? Definitivt, er der ikke noget demokratisk om en kamp, bare spørge koalition af villige lande. Mindst vi undgå blodsudgydelser, så godt vi kan. Indrømmet, en masse af os er ikke engang sikker på, hvad vi kæmper for, mange af os er simpelthen udluftning frustrationer og vrede, men i det mindste er vi bevidst og levende nok til at rejse sig og kæmpe.



Der er og vil være fejl at overvinde, prøver og prøvelser for at vinde over i vejen forude. Som jeg skrev i min første kommentar til den 14 september, vi Thaïs også nødt til at se på os selv og begynde at ændre sig med os, ikke bare henvise fingre på vores korrupte ledere.



Er det så utroligt, disdainful, ulækkert? For dem, der er forståelse, vi takker dig. For dem, der ikke er, skal du tage nogen lovovertrædelse. Du behøver ikke at hjælpe os eller støtte os, konstruktiv kritik er velkomne og værdsat. Men tigge din benådning, skal du ikke fornærme os. Især hvis du er en gæst i vores land.




The opinions of non-Thais range from disbelief to disdain and disgust at what is going on with Thai democracy. Here is help for our foreign critics to understand how we got into this mess.



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By Voranai Vanijaka



In recent times, "democracy" is a word that has been thrown around more often than a ping pong ball in Patpong - and suffers about the same level of degradation.


From words in the pubs to letters in Postbag, to the reports by foreign correspondents and commentaries by the esteemed editors of various prestigious western media, everyone has an opinion on what democracy is, and that it either does not exist in Thailand, or has been battered and abused into something quite undemocratic.


From the observations of many non-Thais, opinions have ranged anywhere from disbelief to disdain and downright disgust at what is going on with the democracy of this Kingdom. With harsh words and brutal assaults, slamming and insulting the Kingdom, and with it, my fellow countrymen.


Well, allow me to address our foreign critics and help form an understanding of how we got into this mess. Though by all means, this observation is one man's humble opinion offered up to be considered, discussed and debated; nothing less, nothing more.


In the West, democracy is a tradition of over 2,000 years old, although it had taken a nap for centuries before it was rediscovered. One may trace the origin of modern democracy to the French Revolution (1782), the American Revolution (1776), or even the signing of the Magna Carta (1215). But no matter which event one would like to attribute modern democracy to, it is unarguable that Western democracy has been several centuries in the making and written by numerous conflicts and much bloodshed.


So if the West has gone through centuries of mistakes, of trials and tribulations, to arrive at a healthy, though imperfect system of modern democracy, why can't Thailand embrace the finished product, packaged with a beautiful ribbon? Well, it's not that we don't want to.



To understand where we are now, one must look at the historical evolution of Thailand since the conversion to constitutional monarchy in 1932.



From our first prime minister, Praya Manopakorn Nititada, to our latest, Somchai Wongsawat, in the 76 years since there have been 36 prime ministers, most of whom were "appointees", by the military or otherwise.



There were many reasons behind these "appointees", military or otherwise, not least of which was the influence of the superpowers and their Cold War chess match. Like the majority of the Third World, we were but a pawn served up on a platter with a side order of freedom fries by our leaders, to be exploited in the name of democracy against the rising tides of communism. Never mind the fact that we ourselves were ruled by military dictators for much of that time.



It wasn't until 1988 when we sustained a succession of "elected" leaders, starting with the government of General Chartchai Chunhawan.



Only for 20 years had the electoral process been able to sustain breathing room in this Kingdom, minus the hiccups in Black May 1992 and the 2006 coup. Is the Thai democracy young and fragile? It's a sickly, crying toddler in an incubator. So why, I ask you, would anyone look at an infant in an incubator with disdain and disgust?



Through much of our history in the 20th century, the overwhelming majority of the Thai population were peasant farmers, the backbone of the Kingdom, who wouldn't know a democracy from a tamagochi. How could they? With little to no education, their primary concerns were simply feeding and clothing their children? Democratic ideals are the luxury of the "haves", the "have nots" hold graver concerns. Is that so unbelievable? So disdainful? So disgusting?



It was only the economic boom of the late 1980s and 1990s, the advances in communication technology and globalisation, that saw the burgeoning middle class. Western education, or education period, was no longer the privilege of the elites.



Be that as it may, not unlike the period of Industrial Revolution in the West, the people were much more infatuated with the newfound riches than the ideals of democracy. Human nature: a pile of cash on the table versus some lofty ideal, which would the average Somchai and Somying one generation removed from the rice field (or the villages of Communist China) choose? Is that so disdainful, so disgusting, so unbelievable?



The infant may be wearing Gucci and the incubator may be the latest Mercedes model, but the fact is, in the 1990s Thailand's democracy was still just an infant in the incubator. As such, we were easily exploited by corrupt leaders, thrifty merchants (local and foreign) and, of course, our own greed. That is disdainful and disgusting, but which country has never gone through such a period? Like puberty, it isn't pretty, but it's a natural process of evolution.



With the Asian financial crisis of 1997, we woke up and realised that we simply exchanged "appointees", military or otherwise, for opportunistic thugs and gangsters, who knew about running a country and economy as much as we Thais know how to queue up in orderly fashion to board/deboard the Sky Train. They simply sneaked into office while the educated middle class were too busy having a bubble bath.



Then it happened. Clouds parted, Beethoven's Symphony No 3 echoed out of nowhere, the birds and the bees chanted, "hallelujah, hallelujah, hallelujah"! For the messiah had arrived! He was not a general, nor a gangster. He was a businessman who built a telecommunication empire with his own hands.



For a society that had embraced capitalism for only a little over a decade, we were googoo and gaagaa over him like he was some K-pop heartthrob. For the first time in the history of Thailand, the rich, the poor and those in between agreed on one thing: Thaksin Shinawatra was our man.



Chuan Leekpai was solid, but he was a plain housewife. This new guy was Paris Hilton on steroids. Is it so unbelievable, so disdainful, so disgusting? Infant in an incubator, we were lost lambs, confused and desperate, then came our shepherd, our saviour, all glittery in golden lights.



And well, you know the rest of the story.



Here we are in 2008. Duped and deceived, scarred and full of scorn. Conflict in all levels of society. Flocking to the banner of the PAD are simply people who have had enough. Sure, the leaders of the PAD are questionable. Sure, many of the PAD's tactics are unsavoury. But allow me to speak for the average Thai person - rich, middle and poor - we marched simply because we have had enough.



Similar to Black May 1992. Then we marched because we wanted no more military dictatorship, but now we march because we want no more greedy money merchants and their thuggish cronies.



Is this undermining democracy? There is no democracy to undermine. We never had it. Democracy isn't just about going to the poll and voting. Democracy isn't about smiling as you are getting screwed over once again. That may be fine for countries with healthy, but imperfect democracy. But here, in this corner of the Third World, we are tired of taking it lying down and are simply saying enough is enough.



They don't hand out democracy at the local mom and pop store, and it isn't on sale at Central or Paragon. One must fight for it.



It's an ugly fight. But is there such a thing as a pretty fight? Definitely, there isn't anything democratic about a fight, just ask the Coalition of the Willing. At least we avoid bloodshed as best we can. Granted, a lot of us aren't even sure what we're fighting for, a lot of us are simply venting frustrations and anger, but at least we're conscious and alive enough to stand up and fight.



Certainly there are and will be mistakes to overcome, trials and tribulations to triumph over in the road ahead. As I wrote in my first commentary on Sept 14, we Thais also have to look at ourselves and start the change with ourselves, not just point fingers at our corrupt leaders.



Is it so unbelievable, disdainful, disgusting? For those who are understanding, we thank you. For those who are not, please take no offence. You don't have to help us, or support us, constructive criticisms are welcomed and appreciated. But beg your pardon, please do not insult us. Especially if you are a guest in our country.
 
John
Link: http://news.bbc.c...716033.stm

"If the military mounts another coup, this time the country will split, and there will be civil war."


Thai crisis exposes class struggle

By Jonathan Head
BBC News, Bangkok


For weeks the yellow-shirted protesters of the People's Alliance for Democracy (PAD) have hogged the limelight in Thailand.


Pro-government supporters are fighting back with their own rallies
With the backing of powerful military and palace figures, they have helped unseat one prime minister and two members of his cabinet.

The embattled government, led by allies of controversial former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra, has in vain protested that it was popularly elected less than a year ago.

Now it has started fighting back with a series of mass rallies by its own red-shirted followers.

This is a dangerous contest between two power-hungry political factions who see it as a zero-sum game, in which they either win everything, or lose everything.

But it has become much more than that.

The rift has split Thai society, along regional and especially along class lines.

'Dress in red'

It is Monday morning, in a quiet backstreet in Udon Thani, provincial capital of a north-eastern province bordering Laos and a known Thaksin stronghold.

Radio DJ Kwanchai Sarakam is taking calls. He is a firebrand Thaksin loyalist who already faces criminal charges over his involvement in a clash with PAD supporters in July. But his callers are just as fired up.
If the PAD cannot convince me their version of democracy will help grass-roots people like me, then I will fight them to my last breath

Farmer Ankham Ratanasingha (left)

The first is an old lady, with a warning for the military. "Listen to me, soldiers," she shouts down a crackly phone line, "if you dare try another coup, forget about getting roses, because I will dress myself entirely in red - red hair, red panties, red bra, red fingernails - and jump in front of your tanks. You will have to run over me, a grass-roots woman, and crush me to death."

Other calls follow in a similar, if less melodramatic, vein.

The show finishes with a rousing song, scorning "educated people" for their ignorance and lack of manners.

Kwanchai threatens to bring a red-shirted army to Bangkok to declare war on the PAD. He says there will have to be bloodshed before Thailand can get through this crisis. He almost seems to relish the prospect. But the sense of being engaged in a class war is commonplace on both sides of this struggle.

Rich-poor divide

"You see these people here - they are all educated people," one man told me at a PAD gathering in Bangkok. "But the ones who support the government party, they are all uneducated, especially from the north and north-east."

This is a typical comment from the PAD, implying that the millions of rural people who consistently vote for pro-Thaksin politicians are either bribed or do not understand what they are doing.


Anti-government rallies have been held in Bangkok for weeks

It is the justification the PAD gives for demanding a parliament which is part-appointed.

Such an attitude infuriates Ankham Ratanasingha, who runs a small farm with her husband just outside Udon Thani.

She had to leave school at 10 years old, but takes pride in having educated her two children to university level.

"If the PAD cannot convince me that their version of democracy will help grass-roots people like me, then I will fight them to my last breath," she said. "They should treat us with respect, not as people they can just squash under their feet."

"The problem of Thai political crisis is a class struggle", says Attajak Satayanutak, an academic from Thaksin's home town Chiang Mai.

"We have a wide gap between rich and poor. The poor did not receive anything from the state for a long time. Then, for the first time, Thaksin gave this opportunity for them."

The affection for Thaksin Shinawatra has held up remarkably well in the north-east, a poor and arid region known as Isaan.

Local people say his populist policies, like universal healthcare and the village loan scheme, brought big improvements to the quality of their lives.

But time and again they cite something else - dignity. They told me he offered them the hope of improving themselves, without making them feel small, or humble.

If the military mounts another coup, this time the country will split, and there will be civil war

Thaksin supporter

His darker sides - abuses of power, human rights violations, arrogance - were brushed aside as less important.

Isaan has long been the butt of jokes in Thailand. It has a culture and language closer to that of neighbouring Laos than the central plains around Bangkok. It supplies much of the cheap, migrant labour to the capital.

But it has one valuable asset Thaksin Shinawatra identified as he began planning his bid for power in the late 1990s - voters, around one third of the total.

He was the first politician to court them directly, with appealing policies, rather than relying on the local godfathers to deliver their support.

In doing so, he has awoken a new political self-awareness in a previously passive region. And Isaan people are furious about the comments they are hearing from the PAD in Bangkok.

"Those who think Isaan people blindly follow Thaksin Shinawatra have an outdated image of our region," I was told by Puttakarn Panthong, a local politician who is not affiliated with Mr Thaksin's party. "They have better education now, and they understand who and what they are voting for."

Stuck in exile

So at the first of the big rallies in Bangkok, the former prime minister's phone-call, from somewhere overseas, was the most eagerly awaited moment of the night.
Politician Chaturon Chaiseng's song made the link with past class struggles

A huge roar went up from the 60,000 red-shirted faithful as his voice came over the speakers, asking: "Have you missed me?" There were more than a few tearful faces in the crowd.

But this was also a carefully-choreographed event, intended to send out a signal to the PAD and its royalist backers, that they face formidable opposition. The crowd was far larger than any the PAD has managed to attract this year.

Aside from Mr Thaksin, the highlight of the night was a song sung by Chaturon Chaiseng, one of the most respected politicians in the Thaksin camp.

He was also once a left-wing activist who took up arms against the military during the communist insurgency of the last 1970s.

And the song he chose was written by one of his comrades-in-arms, which tells of the sadness of a young rebel unable to return home.

The reference, or course, was to Mr Thaksin, stuck in exile, facing a two-year prison sentence if he comes back.

But it also connected his poor, rural followers today, with the class conflicts of Thailand's past.

Behind Mr Chaturon they held up the words "NO MORE COUP" in bold red letters. It seemed more of a warning than a plea.

One man turned to me and said: "If the military mounts another coup, this time the country will split, and there will be civil war."

john@dansk-thai.dk
 
http://www.j-s.dk/hus
Lung Yao
Disse ord skulle vi ALLESAMMEN indprinte os :
<< Is it so unbelievable, disdainful, disgusting? For those who are understanding, we thank you. For those who are not, please take no offence. You don't have to help us, or support us, constructive criticisms are welcomed and appreciated. But beg your pardon, please do not insult us. Especially if you are a guest in our country.

For ellers skulle vi bare leve op til denne talemåde : << Kan man ikke lide lugten i bageriet ...........................................>>

TÆNK på hviken "ramagskig" der løfter sig når nogle udlændninger kritiserer Danmark, er vi bedre. (eller gælder Janteloven også her Shock ).
Hellere tie og blive betragtet som værende "enfoldig", end åbne munden og få det bekræftet.
[url]www.thailandchildrenshome.dk[/url] [url]www.thailandchildrenshome.com[/url]
 
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